Tag Archives: defend against ddos

DDoS attack takes down Cirrus Communications

Fixed wireless broadband provider Cirrus Communications has experienced a distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack that incapacitated half its network. Cirrus provides wireless networks to business, apartment complexes, residential colleges and military bases. The company says it is a last mile provider and prides itself on “competitive pricing … in metropolitan data centres to remote or broadband constrained areas,” an “ability to deliver high bandwidth where organisations need it” and an “Its ability to connect multiple locations for organisations on a breakthrough economic basis.” But over the last day, those services have not been available to all customers, as CEO Eric Heyde told The Register the company yesterday experienced a DDoS attack that took down “more than 50 per cent” of its network and that it experienced “struggles” in the wake of the event. “We are very close to full recovery,” Heyde told The Reg . “We’ve only got a couple of per cent of the network down at present.” [15:30 AEST – Ed} Heyde said the attack hit Cirrus’ core network, rather than the radio equipment on the edge. “It’s too early to say where the attack came from,” he added, and declined to offer further comment on the attack’s origins. Reg readers have suggested the attack has disrupted communications to other carriers that use Cirrus’ services. Source: http://www.theregister.co.uk/2014/07/30/ddos_takes_down_cirrus_communications/

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DDoS attack takes down Cirrus Communications

Attackers install DDoS bots on Amazon cloud, exploiting Elasticsearch weakness

Attackers are exploiting a vulnerability in distributed search engine software Elasticsearch to install DDoS malware on Amazon and possibly other cloud servers.   Elasticsearch is an increasingly popular open-source search engine server developed in Java that allows applications to perform full-text search for various types of documents through a REST API (representational state transfer application programming interface). Because it has a distributed architecture that allows for multiple nodes, Elasticsearch is commonly used in cloud environments. It can be deployed on Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), Microsoft Azure, Google Compute Engine and other cloud platforms. Versions 1.1.x of Elasticsearch have support for active scripting through API calls in their default configuration. This feature poses a security risk because it doesn’t require authentication and the script code is not sandboxed. Security researchers reported earlier this year that attackers can exploit Elasticsearch’s scripting capability to execute arbitrary code on the underlying server, the issue being tracked as CVE-2014-3120 in the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) database. Elasticsearch’s developers haven’t released a patch for the 1.1.x branch, but starting with version 1.2.0, released on May 22, dynamic scripting is disabled by default. Last week security researchers from Kaspersky Lab found new variants of Mayday, a Trojan program for Linux that’s used to launch distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. The malware supports several DDoS techniques, including DNS amplification. One of the new Mayday variants was found running on compromised Amazon EC2 server instances, but this is not the only platform being misused, said Kaspersky Lab researcher Kurt Baumgartner Friday in a blog post. The attackers break into EC2 instances—virtual machines run by Amazon EC2 customers—by exploiting the CVE-2014-3120 vulnerability in Elasticsearch 1.1.x, which is still being used by some organizations in active commercial deployments despite being superseded by Elasticsearch 1.2.x and 1.3.x, Baumgartner said.   The Kaspersky researchers managed to observe the early stages of the Elasticsearch attacks on EC2. They said that the attackers modified publicly available proof-of-concept exploit code for CVE-2014-3120 and used it to install a Perl-based Web shell—a backdoor script that allows remote attackers to execute Linux shell commands over the Web. The script, detected by Kaspersky products as Backdoor.Perl.RShell.c, is then used to download the new version of the Mayday DDoS bot, detected as Backdoor.Linux.Mayday.g. The Mayday variant seen on compromised EC2 instances didn’t use DNS amplification and only flooded sites with UDP traffic. Nevertheless, the attacks forced targets, which included a large regional bank in the U.S. and a large electronics maker and service provider from Japan, to switch their IP (Internet Protocol) addresses to those of a DDoS mitigation provider, Baumgartner said. “The flow is also strong enough that Amazon is now notifying their customers, probably because of potential for unexpected accumulation of excessive resource charges for their customers,” he said. “The situation is probably similar at other cloud providers.” Users of Elasticsearch 1.1.x should upgrade to a newer version and those who require the scripting functionality should follow the security recommendations made by the software’s developers in a blog post on July 9. Source: http://www.networkworld.com/article/2458741/attackers-install-ddos-bots-on-amazon-cloud-exploiting-elasticsearch-weakness.html#tk.rss_all

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Attackers install DDoS bots on Amazon cloud, exploiting Elasticsearch weakness

Norway banks hit in largest-ever DDoS attack, Anonymous ‘takes credit’

Norway’s top financial institutions have been hit in what appears to be a coordinated cyber-attack, the biggest-ever the country has experienced. Anonymous Norway may be responsible for the operation. The Tuesday attack targeted at least eight top Norway companies, including central Norges Bank, Sparebank 1, Danske Bank and insurance companies Storebrand and Gjensidige. Three Norwegian airlines and a big telecommunication company may also have been affected by the same attack. The malicious bombardment with requests caused traffic problems for their website and disrupted access throughout the day. This affected the banks’ online payment services as well. “The scale is not the largest we have seen, but it is the first time it has hit so many central players in the finance sector in Norway,” said the head of Evry’s security team, Sverre Olesen in an interview with Dagens Næringsliv business newspaper. Evry provides services to many of the affected companies and was busy dealing with the emergency. The company said the attackers used a vulnerability in the blogging platform WordPress and other venues to hit the websites. They didn’t appear to try to hack into the targets’ networks and try to steal any personal information, it added. The source of the attack was abroad, Evry said. Norway’s National Security Authority (Nasjonal sikkerhetsmyndighet, NSM) said it was investigating the attack, but could not identify the perpetrators yet. The newspaper said it received an email signed by Anonymous Norway claiming responsibility for the DDoS attack on the banks. The email came before the news about it broke. But a tweet on the Anonymous Norway Twitter account denied the hacktivist group’s involvement, saying they were “laughing at those who think we are behind the attacks.” Source: http://rt.com/news/171724-norway-banks-anonymous-ddos/

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Norway banks hit in largest-ever DDoS attack, Anonymous ‘takes credit’

June – The month of DDoS attacks

The list of DDoS attacks in the month of June has made for grim reading. High-profile sites have been targeted by extortion demands, online games got disrupted and at least one company was put out of business as a direct result. While it’s tempting to look for a single cause at the root of this apparent tsunami of distributed denial-of-service activity, the reality is considerably more complex. Online activism, the profit motive and even potential nation-state activity contributed to June’s high volume of DDoS attacks. The only commonality, in fact, may be the ease with which DDoS attacks can be launched. Experts like Molly Sauter, an academic and author of the forthcoming book The Coming Swarm, say that the process is childishly simple. “Literally, if you have a credit card and if you’re bored, it could be anyone,” Sauter told Network World. “It’s so easy to rent a botnet – most of them are out of Russia – and you can rent one for stupid cheap, and then deploy it for a couple of hours, and that’s really all you need to target a major site like Feedly or Evernote.” Sauter’s research focuses on the socio-political aspects of technology. She highlights the attacks, earlier in June, on websites connected to the World Cup’s sponsors and backers, which used the iconography of Anonymous. “I’m seeing a lot of Anonymous-oriented DDoS actions,” she said. Anonymous, according to Sauter, is a useful “brand” for politically motivated DDoS attacks, allowing groups to identify themselves with a particular flavor of political thought, despite no organizational connection to other activists. But the highest-profile attacks in the U.S. this June were not politically motivated – the DDoS attempts that took down RSS reader Feedly and note-taking and personal organization service Evernote drew big headlines, and Feedly, at least, was asked for ransom by its attackers. Feedly didn’t pay up, and, according to Forrester principal analyst Rick Holland, that’s probably for the best. “There’s no guarantee that they’re not going to continue to DDoS you,” he said. “It’s like regular extortion – you start paying people off and then, suddenly, they’re going to keep coming back to you every month.” Holland stopped short of urging a blanket refusal to pay off DDoS extortionists, however, saying that companies need to decide their own cases for themselves, in close consultation with their legal teams. He doesn’t know of any companies that have paid a DDoS ransom, but said that it wouldn’t surprise him to learn that it has happened. “I wouldn’t be surprised if people have gotten DDoS, it didn’t go public, they paid a ransom and that was that, but I have not specifically had those conversations,” he said. IDC research manager John Grady said that the increasing primacy of online services means that extortion-based DDoS attacks are becoming a more serious threat. “When there are direct ties from resource availability to revenue, targeting availability is a quick way to get someone’s attention,” he said. Grady echoed both Sauter’s point about the general cheapness of botnets and Holland’s argument that paying the ransom doesn’t make a company proof against further attacks. What’s more, he said, the growing power of some types of attack swings the balance of power further in favor of the attackers. “Increasingly, the ease of amplifying attacks through DNS or NTP, which can ramp traffic up in the hundreds of gigabit range that we’ve seen become common, gives attacks real economies of scale,” Grady said. Research from Forrester shows that, in addition to volumetric attacks like DNS and NTP (which essentially flood targets with unwanted data), targeted application-level attacks have been on the rise. Application-level incidents had been seen by 42% of DDoS victims surveyed in a 2013 report – just shy of the 44% that suffered volumetric attacks. Moreover, 37% used some combination of techniques. According to a report from Infonetics, that trend has prompted increasing attention for application-level mitigation technology. “An increasing number of application-layer attacks, which older DDoS detection and mitigation infrastructure can’t identify and block, are forcing companies to make new investments in DDoS solutions,” wrote principal security analyst Jeff Wilson in December. What this means is that a DDoS attack, whether it’s motivated by politics or money, is an increasingly unequal struggle. Attack techniques have become easier, cheaper and more powerful at the same time as their effects have become more damaging – and defensive measures have failed to keep pace. “The cost of entry is very low for the attackers and the cost to defend is very high for the targets,” said Holland. He said that the best defense may be to simply be as forewarned as possible, and to make plans in advance for potential DDoS incidents. Many businesses haven’t even considered the potential ramifications of a DDoS. Source: http://www.networkworld.com/article/2449855/security0/bloody-june-what-s-behind-last-month-s-ddos-attacks.html

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June – The month of DDoS attacks

eToro’s Website down Due to Malicious DDOS Attacks, Functionality Restored

Thursday has turned out to be somewhat of a more busy day for social trading platform eToro than usual. According to a company statement, the company’s service has been under attack by a malicious group of attackers since 07:12 GMT. After numerous complaints by customers of the firm, a thorough statement has been provided by eToro’s CEO, Yoni Assia. “I am sure that by now, most of you are already aware of the fact that our platform was under attack by a malicious group of hackers. I realize that many of you may be frustrated, angry, or simply worried following the unusual service interruptions that happened on Thursday, July 3rd and I wanted to contact you personally to apologize and explain what happened. Since 07:12 GMT, July 3rd, eToro has been the target of a criminal DDoS attack – a technique used by hackers to take an internet service offline by overloading its servers. (To read more about DDoS attacks:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denial-of-service_attack). I believe the choice to attack today was not a random one, as both you and eToro have been gearing up for today for the better part of the week. We had everything in place for you to experience a great day of trading, with the NFP announcement. I speak for everyone at eToro when I say that we deeply regret that this experience was denied you. We have robust systems in place to deal with such instances; however the scale of this particular attack caused our platform to experience significant downtime. All your personal data, including billing information, financial information and personal details is secure. More than that, throughout today we offered several alternatives for those of you who wanted to close a position, in order to give you as much control as was possible with regard to your portfolio. The status right now is that we were successful in restoring all of our services. Regrettably, as with attacks such as this, we might see more interruptions in the next few days. It is my personal goal to make sure you receive the best experience possible and I guarantee that all of us here at eToro are working around the clock to make sure this is exactly what you get. Our technical and service teams are at your disposal and are working non-stop to help each and every one of you resolve any issue affecting your personal account.” Update: On Friday morning in Europe, users have been reporting troubles with website and app functionality, and issues with logging in. Around 9BST, the status of the website was updated by the company, with eToro stating that currently it’s up and running, despite still being under attack. According to a company spokesperson, the malicious attempts are now blocked before they can affect eToro’s community. Source: http://forexmagnates.com/etoros-website-down-due-to-malicious-ddos-attacks-restored-only-to-go-dark-again/#sthash.PWXi3f61.dpuf

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eToro’s Website down Due to Malicious DDOS Attacks, Functionality Restored

The World Cup of DDoS Attacks

Hacktivist for Operation Hacking Cup #OpHackingCup took down the Brazil World Cup site and have targeted hundreds of other sites.  This was not the first time a major event has been targeted nor will it be the last. Hacktivist have been actively leveraging Distribute Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks as a way to successfully highlight and protest against political, economic or ideological conflicts for quite some time. It has become so mainstream there was even a petition to the Obama administration to make DDoS legal. The FFIEC recently issued guidance to financial institutions with a quick guide on mitigation techniques.   Techniques used by cybercriminals to conduct attacks have become increasingly sophisticated – from single point denial of service attacks on networks to distributed denial of service beyond focusing just on Layer 7. In fact, DDoS has become so commercial that we’ve seen DDoS for hire  underground offerings for as low as $7 per hour with free one hour try before you buy option.  Couple this with a recent Ponemon report which highlighted that one hour of downtime for a merchant would equate to an average loss of $500,000 – what an amazing ROI for cybercriminals considering for the same amount of money I spend on coffee a day they can impact an organization’s bottom line by over $500,000! Traditional DDoS attacks focused on things like UDP Flood, Syn Flood and ICMP Flood targeting network resource exhaustion .     Modern day DDoS attacks such as Op Ababil, target the HTTP layer and above.   In recent DDoS attacks, reflection and amplification have been the weakness of choice such as the Network Time Protocol (NTP) attacks this past February or the DNS lookup attacks late last year. Cybercriminals continue to develop even more sophisticated botnets which can remain active longer before being discovered and they are hosting a botnet’s command-and-control center in a Tor-based network (where each node adds a layer of encryption as traffic passes) obfuscates the server’s location and makes it much harder to take it down.  Additionally, cybercriminals are building more resilient peer-to-peer botnets, populated by bots that talk to each other, with no central control point. If one bot (or peer) in a peer-to-peer botnet goes down, another will take over, extending the life of the botnet using business continuity techniques. This is exactly what we saw with the recent GameOver Zeus and CryptoLocker botnet disruption. These types of attacks make requests that are perceived to be legitimate; like attempting logins, performing search or downloading large files repeatedly which can easily bypass standard DDoS defenses such as firewalls, Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS) and Web Application Firewalls (WAF). Additionally, modern day DDoS attacks are starting to abuse a business logic flaws rather than network resources on a more frequent basis as few organizations are focused on that aspect of their site for security detection. This is why it is becoming more critical to determine whether a request is legitimate or not and without understanding business logic used for processing the request this is incredibly challenging. In addition to what you are already doing today, you should consider focusing on the detection of business logic abuse by analyzing the behavior of users. You can achieve this by tracking every user/IP including pages accessed, the order of accesses, how quickly they moved between pages and other web paths taken by the same IP address. Further, if you analyze all web traffic it makes it possible to identify users or IP addresses displaying similar behavior. Users can then be clustered based on behavior enabling your administrators to find all endpoints involved in the attack. If this analysis happens in real-time you can identify more attackers as attacks happen. Take a look at what we saw with one of our Web Threat Detection customers. In a world where we will always have political, economic or ideological conflicts – and major sporting event, we should assume there will always be some type of cyber attack in parallel.  What is your game plan to defeat your competition? Source: https://blogs.rsa.com/world-cup-ddos-attacks/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=world-cup-ddos-attacks

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The World Cup of DDoS Attacks

Brobot botnet used to launch DDoS attack

DOSarrest Internet Security had a run in with the notorious Brobot Botnet, if the name sounds familiar it’s because this bot was responsible for sporadic outages on a number of large US based financial institutions in 2013. Said to be operated by al-Qassam Cyber Fighters (AKA QCF). Botnets are born, die, grow, shrink, and morph on a daily basis, if not hourly. It’s hard to keep track of them all. Then there are particularly nasty ones that are large, powerful and sophisticated. These particular botnets have some of their zombies or bots corralled off for research purposes by a number of organizations including private Botnet hunters, government cyber surveillance departments and other large law enforcement agencies. On to the attack Why ? One of our customers is a large media outlet specializing in Middle Eastern news. With all the conflict over there these days, they must have written a few stories that the attackers were not in agreement with. How ? Using Brobot, the attackers threw millions of TCP port 80 requests at the website. Unlike a SYN attack that tries to exhaust your TCP open sessions table buffers, this attack would open and close each session/request: 1)     Request a TCP connection 2)     Once established they would send one character 3)     Then request the TCP session to close. The problem arises when you are receiving approximately 50 million of these per second. Where ? This botnet is comprised of infected webservers using PHP, hosted on various webhosting companies around the globe. Some hosting companies seem to be represented a little more than others. One notable observation of the Brobot is that it’s very US centric, not all of the bots are based in the US but approximately 40%  are, which makes filtering based on countries very difficult. When under a large TCP port 80 attack, usually it is not evenly divided across our scrubbing nodes in the US and Europe. This was different, virtually all of our upstream links in every city had pretty much the same amount of Packets Per Second and Bandwidth. I can’t ever remember seeing that in the last 7 years All links had a graph like the one above Who cares ? Within a couple of hours of the attack starting we were contacted by a private Botnet hunter that knew we were dealing with Brobot. Soon followed by visits to our website from two US federal Law enforcement agencies. Hence the title, not all botnets are equal.

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Brobot botnet used to launch DDoS attack

DDoS Attack Hit Hong Kong Democracy Voting Website

Hackers and cyber attacks are getting evil and worst nightmare for companies day-by-day. Just last week a group of hackers ruined the code-hosting and software collaboration platform, ‘Code Spaces’ by destroying their Amazon cloud server, complete data and its backup files too. Recently, the largest ever and most severe Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks in the history of the Internet has been recorded that hit the online democracy poll promoting opinion on the upcoming Hong Kong elections. PopVote, an online mock election operated by The University of Hong Kong’s Public Opinion Program, by Saturday recorded more than half a million votes in less than 30 hours in the unofficial referendum that provided permanent residents of Hong Kong to choose their preferred political representatives, that is suppose to be continued until June 29. However, the Chief Executive is officially chosen by a 1,200-member Election Committee under the current political system and drawn largely from pro-Beijing and business camps. On the first day of voting, China’s State Council denounced the voting as “ illegal and invalid .” Hong Kong’s chief executive, Leung Chun-ying, said all the proposals on the ballot are not complied with Hong Kong’s Basic Law, the territory’s de facto constitution. On Friday, Matthew Prince , the CEO and co-founder of San Francisco based CloudFlare, the web performance company maintaining the voting website, said that the DDoS attack on the Occupy Central’s voting platform was “ one of the largest and most persistent ” ever. According to Prince, the cybercriminals appeared to be using a network of compromised computers around the world to effectively disable the service of the voting website with an overwhelming amount of traffic. In such cases of attacks, the computer users who are exploited are usually unaware that their systems have been compromised. Prince also wrote on Twitter: “ Battling 300Gbps+ attack right now ,” on the first day that the vote began. Three hundred gigabits per second is an enormous amount of data to take down any huge servers. Also a DDoS attack last year on Spamhaus, a non-profit organisation that aims to help email providers filter out spams and other unwanted contents, is largely considered to be the biggest DDoS attack in the history, which the Cloudflare said the attack “almost broke the Internet.” Source: http://thehackernews.com/2014/06/largest-ddos-attack-hit-hong-kong.html

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DDoS Attack Hit Hong Kong Democracy Voting Website

Feedly suffers second round of DDoS attacks after perpetrator tried to extort money

Update 7.26am PST (June 12) After initially giving the all-clear for business to resume, Feedly has announced that it’s currently suffering a second round of DDoS attacks. The company says in a blog post: “We are currently being targeted by a second DDoS attack and are working with our service providers to mitigate the issue. As with yesterday’s attack, your data is safe. We apologize for the inconvenience and will update this blog post as more information is available or the situation changes.” Update 3:40PM PT: Feedly has posted on its blog that it has neutralized the DDoS attack as of 3:07PM PT. “You should now be able to access your feedly from both feedly.com, mobile apps and third party applications. Our ops team is closely monitoring the situation in case the attacks resume. It might take a few hours for some of the 40 million feeds we poll to be fully updated. We would like to re-iterate that none of your data was compromised by this attack.” Original post below: If you’ve been having issues accessing your RSS feed via Feedly today, well, there’s a good reason for that. Feedly has announced that it’s currently suffering a DDoS (distributed denial-of-service) attack, with the perpetrator(s) attempting to garner money from the company to make it stop. “We refused to give in and are working with our network providers to mitigate the attack as best as we can,” explains Edwin Khodabakchian, founder and CEO of Feedly. Feedly is assuring its users that their data remains safe, and access will be restored once the “attack is mitigated.” Other companies have been affected by a DDoS too, as Feedly alludes to when it says “we are working in parallel with other victims of the same group and with law enforcement.” Just yesterday, Evernote reported it had been subjected to a similar attack, though it was quickly restored. It’s not clear whether this is directly related to the current attack on Feedly. We’ll update here when we receive any updates. Source: http://thenextweb.com/insider/2014/06/11/feedly-suffers-ddos-attack-perpetrator-tries-extort-money/

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Feedly suffers second round of DDoS attacks after perpetrator tried to extort money

RSS Reader Feedly is Being Held Hostage By a DDOS Attack

Feedly, one of the most popular post-Google Reader RSS readers, has been unavailable for hours due to a denial of service attack against the site. According to a post on Feedly’s blog, whoever is perpetrating the attack is trying to extort money from the company, but it “refused to give in.” Feedly is currently working on infrastructure changes that will prevent this kind of thing from happening in the future. I have long been of the opinion that denial of service attacks – the process of flooding a website with so many requests for web pages that it essentially becomes overwhelmed and stops working – doesn’t really qualify as hacking. It doesn’t grant the person doing it with access to anyone’s data. In fact, it doesn’t really have any effect on the data at all. It’s more like a sit-in, effectively shutting down a business by blocking access. Don’t get me wrong, it’s a nuisance. If I were the owners of Feedly, I’d be apoplectic. But I think if no data is stolen or damaged, the punishments for these types of behaviors generally exceeds the seriousness of the crime. Extortion, on the other hand, is a different thing entirely. Here’s hoping Feedly is back on its feet soon. Source: http://www.onthemedia.org/story/rss-reader-feedly-being-held-hostage-ddos-attack/

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RSS Reader Feedly is Being Held Hostage By a DDOS Attack